How much bacteriostatic water suits the 10 mg vial?

Laboratory practice typically dissolves a 10 mg vial in 2 ml of bacteriostatic water, giving a 5 mg/ml solution — that is 5000 mcg per ml. The reconstitution calculator on this page converts any water volume and dose into exact syringe units.

What dose ranges appear in the research?

Published preclinical studies most commonly investigate KPV on a per-kilogram basis in mice, with mechanistic cell work operating at nanomolar concentrations. Laboratory protocol summaries describe roughly 200–500 mcg per administration for a 10 mg vial. All figures describe research protocols, not guidance for human use.

How stable is the reconstituted solution?

Once mixed with bacteriostatic water, the solution remains stable for up to 28 days when refrigerated at 2–8 °C and protected from light. Lyophilised vials are best stored at -20 °C.

Is this product for human use?

No. All AKH BioLabs products are supplied strictly for laboratory research. They are not approved for human consumption, and nothing on this page is medical advice.

Who tests this product?

A named laboratory outside AKH, on a report ordered by our manufacturer. The laboratory verification section on this page publishes that Certificate unaltered, or shows "Certificate pending" until a matching report has been published.

Bestseller KPV

Recovery· Bestseller

In stock

KPV

Name: KPV
Brand: AKH BioLabs
SKU: kpv
Price: 56 USD
Availability: InStock

Lysine-Proline-Valine Tripeptide

KPV is supplied as 10mg lyophilised powder for laboratory research. Price is shown in your currency, and its Certificate from a named outside laboratory is published on this page. Not for human or veterinary use.

Size10mgPurity99.74%FormulaC16H30N4O5

KPV is the C-terminal three-amino-acid fragment (Lys-Pro-Val) of alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH), retaining the parent molecule's anti-inflammatory activity without its pigmentary effects. In preclinical models it is researched for suppression of NF-κB signalling and pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6) in gut and skin tissue.

€50

Quantity

HPLC verified

9–14 day shipping

Full COA

Worldwide delivery

About this compound

The research profile.

KPV is the C-terminal tripeptide of alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (lysine–proline–valine, alpha-MSH 11–13). It is the shortest fragment of the parent hormone that retains the anti-inflammatory activity described in the melanocortin literature, and it does so without the pigmentary signalling associated with the full-length hormone.

Mechanistic work reports that nanomolar concentrations of KPV inhibit NF-kappaB and MAP kinase signalling and reduce pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion in intestinal epithelial and immune cells. Transport studies identify the di/tripeptide transporter PepT1 as the route by which KPV enters those cells, which is one reason both oral and parenteral routes appear in the published protocols.

Murine colitis models — dextran sulfate sodium and TNBS induced — are the most frequently reported setting, with review literature placing KPV within the wider class of alpha-MSH-derived peptides investigated for immune-mediated inflammatory conditions and for effects observed in skin and mucosal tissue models.

Published research

15 peer-reviewed studies on KPV are summarised in our research library, including 6 published since 2023 — with study designs, reported findings and what the evidence does not establish.

Read the KPV evidence base

For research purposes only. Not for human consumption, diagnosis, treatment, or prevention of any condition.

Categorised as Recovery — Peptides studied in tissue-repair and inflammation models.

Dosing at a glance

What the literature reports.

For research and laboratory use only. Not for human consumption.

Route

Subcutaneous

Frequency

Once daily

Reported range

200–500 mcg

Protocol duration

2–4 weeks

200 mcgper administration500 mcg

Oral · Once daily (study protocols) · 200–500 mcg per administration · 1–2 weeks in colitis models

Murine studies report KPV on a per-kilogram basis, and the cell work that defines its signalling profile operates at nanomolar concentrations. The 200–500 mcg per-administration figures shown reflect the amounts described in laboratory protocol summaries for a 10 mg vial.

Ranges reflect protocols reported in the published literature on KPV — see research citations.

Calculate a dilution

Reconstitution & storage

From powder to solution.

Step 01
Add 2 ml bacteriostatic water
Aim the stream at the vial wall rather than the powder.
Step 02
Swirl gently — never shake
Rotate the vial until the solution runs clear. Agitation degrades the peptide.
Step 03
Refrigerate at 2–8 °C
Reconstituted vials belong in the fridge, protected from direct light.
Step 04
Use within 28 days
Discard any remainder once the stability window closes.

Lyophilised · −20 °CReconstituted · 2–8 °C, 28 days

Reconstituted solution is kept refrigerated at 2–8 °C and protected from light; sealed lyophilised vials are stored at -20 °C.

Reconstitution calculator

10 mg vial

Vial amount

Bacteriostatic water

Amount per draw

mcg

250 mcg = 0.25 mg

Draw

5units · U-100 insulin syringe

Concentration: 5 mg/ml
Draws per vial: 40
Cost per draw: €1.25

For research and laboratory use only. Not for human consumption.

Laboratory arithmetic for KPV — enter the COA-verified vial content for exact figures. Not medical advice.

Open the full calculator for this vial

Effect timeline

Observed across the research window.

Milestones summarise findings reported in the cited studies. Outcomes vary across models and protocols.

Start

Transport and signalling

Cell studies report PepT1-mediated uptake and suppression of NF-kappaB and MAP kinase activation at nanomolar concentrations, observable within hours of exposure.

Week 1

Model-level inflammatory markers

In murine colitis models, cytokine expression and myeloperoxidase activity are the measures most commonly reported to change over the first week of administration.

Week 2

Histological measures

Studies describe reduced inflammatory infiltrate on histology at the two-week mark relative to untreated controls, alongside earlier recovery of bodyweight in treated animals.

Week 4

Protocol end points

Review literature summarising alpha-MSH-derived peptides notes that most published protocols run to roughly four weeks before end-point comparisons are drawn.

Start

Transport and signalling

Cell studies report PepT1-mediated uptake and suppression of NF-kappaB and MAP kinase activation at nanomolar concentrations, observable within hours of exposure.

Week 1

Model-level inflammatory markers

In murine colitis models, cytokine expression and myeloperoxidase activity are the measures most commonly reported to change over the first week of administration.

Week 2

Histological measures

Studies describe reduced inflammatory infiltrate on histology at the two-week mark relative to untreated controls, alongside earlier recovery of bodyweight in treated animals.

Week 4

Protocol end points

Review literature summarising alpha-MSH-derived peptides notes that most published protocols run to roughly four weeks before end-point comparisons are drawn.

For research and laboratory use only. Not for human consumption.

Scientific research

The published evidence.

The dosing ranges and timeline milestones on this page summarise the peer-reviewed publications below.

References

01
Antiinflammatory activity of a COOH-terminal fragment of the neuropeptide alpha-MSH. FASEB J (1989). PubMed · 2550304
02
PepT1-mediated tripeptide KPV uptake reduces intestinal inflammation. Gastroenterology (2008). PubMed · 18061177
03
Melanocortin-derived tripeptide KPV has anti-inflammatory potential in murine models of inflammatory bowel disease. Inflamm Bowel Dis (2008). PubMed · 18092346
04
Alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone and related tripeptides: biochemistry, antiinflammatory and protective effects in vitro and in vivo, and future perspectives for the treatment of immune-mediated inflammatory diseases. Endocr Rev (2008). PubMed · 18612139

Laboratory verification

One Certificate, published unaltered.

The Certificate is a test report from a named laboratory outside AKH, ordered by our manufacturer and shown here exactly as the laboratory issued it. A printed copy ships in every parcel.

Batch: 26088
Test date: 08 Aug 2026
Task ID: #1812384
Purity: 99.74%

Verified by Brown Institute of Biomolecular Research. Scan the full report for every measurement.

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